Stefan’s Diaries Bloodlust Chapter 5~6 Free Essays

Part 5 After a day, the train shrieked to a stop. â€Å"Baton Rouge!† a conductor brought out yonder. We were drawing nearer to New Orleans, however the time was crawling by a wide margin too gradually for my enjoying. We will compose a custom paper test on Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 5~6 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now I smoothed my luck run out of the vehicle, seeing travelers hurriedly getting together their having a place as they arranged to clear their quarters, when my eye fell upon a green ticket, decorated with a huge boot print. I stooped down and picked it up.Mr. Remy Picard, Richmond to New Orleans. I tucked it into my pocket and cheerfully strolled back through the train, until I felt somebody looking at me inquisitively. I pivoted. Two sisters were grinning at me through the window of a private compartment, their demeanors distracted. One was taking a shot at a bit of needlepoint, the other writing in a calfskin bound journal. They were being watched with peddle like force by a short, full lady in her sixties, clad in all dark, undoubtedly their auntie or watchman. I opened the entryway. â€Å"Sir?† the lady stated, moving in the direction of me. I bolted my look onto her watery blue eyes. â€Å"I trust you left something in the feasting car,† I said. â€Å"Something you need.† I kept, replicating Damons low, consistent voice. Her eyes moved, however I detected this was unique in relation to the manner in which the conductor had reacted to my words. At the point when Id attempted to urge the conductor, maybe my considerations had crashed into steel; here, it was as if my contemplations were getting through haze. She positioned her head, obviously tuning in. â€Å"I left something † She trailed off, sounding befuddled. However, I could detect something in my cerebrum, a kind of merging of our brains, and I knew she wouldnt battle me. Quickly, the lady moved her build and stood up from her seat. â€Å"Why, ah, I trust I did,† she stated, changing direction suddenly and strolling down the lobby without a regressive look. The metallic entryway of the vehicle shut with a tick, and I pulled the substantial naval force drapes over the little window to the walkway. â€Å"Nice to make your acquaintance,† I said as I bowed to the two young ladies. â€Å"My name is Remy Picard,† I stated, clandestinely looking down at the ticket jabbing out of my front pocket. â€Å"Remy,† the taller young lady rehashed unobtrusively, as though submitting my name to memory. I felt my teeth pulsate against my gums. I was so ravenous, and she was so stunning I crushed my lips together and constrained myself to stand still.Not yet. â€Å"Finally! Auntie Minnies never left us alone!† the more seasoned young lady said. She seemed to be around sixteen. â€Å"She thinks we arent to be trusted.† â€Å"Arent you now?† I prodded, slipping into the tease as the commendations and reactions volleyed to and fro. As a human, I would have trusted such a trade would end with a press of the hand or a brush of lips against a cheek. Presently, everything I could consider was the blood flowing through the young ladies veins. I plunked down close to the more seasoned young lady, the more youthful ones eyes looking through me inquisitively. She possessed a scent like gardenias and bread simply out of the broiler. Her sisterâ€they more likely than not been sisters, with the equivalent brownish earthy colored hair and shooting blue eyesâ€smelled more extravagant, similar to nutmeg and newly fallen leaves. â€Å"Im Lavinia, and this is Sarah Jane. Were going to move to New Orleans,† the one young lady stated, putting her needlepoint down on her lap. â€Å"Do you know it? Im stressed Ill miss Richmond horribly,† she said mournfully. â€Å"Our dad died,† Sarah Jane included, her lower lip trembling. I gestured, running my tongue along my teeth, feeling my teeth. Lavinias heart was pulsating far quicker than her sisters. â€Å"Aunt Minnie needs to wed me off. Will you let me know whats it like, Remy?† Lavinia highlighted the ring on my fourth finger. Much to her dismay that the ring had nothing to do with marriage and everything to do with having the option to chase young ladies like her without trying to hide. â€Å"Being wedded is dazzling, on the off chance that you meet the correct man. Do you think youll meet the privilege man?† I asked, gazing at her. â€Å"I I dont know. I assume on the off chance that hes anything like you, at that point I should check myself lucky.† Her breath was hot on my cheek, and I realized that I couldnt control myself for any longer. â€Å"Sarah Jane, I wager your aunt needs some help,† I stated, looking into Sarah Janes blue eyes. She put everything on hold, at that point pardoned herself and went to discover her auntie. I had no clue on the off chance that I was convincing her or on the off chance that she was basically following my requests, since she was a youngster and I was a grown-up. â€Å"Oh, youre insidious, arent you?† Lavinia asked, her eyes blazing as she grinned at me. â€Å"Yes,† I said tersely. â€Å"Yes, I am fiendish, my dear.† I uncovered my teeth, viewing with extraordinary fulfillment as her eyes broadened with awfulness. The best piece of taking care of was the expectation, seeing my casualty trembling, helpless,mine. I gradually inclined in, enjoying the experience. My lips touched her delicate skin. â€Å"No!† she heaved. â€Å"Shhh,† I murmured, pulling her closer and permitting my teeth to contact her skin, inconspicuously from the outset, at that point all the more stubbornly, until I sank my teeth into her neck. Her groans became shouts, and I held my hand over her mouth to quiet her as I sucked the sweet fluid into my mouth. She moaned somewhat, yet soon her murmurs transformed into kittenish mews. â€Å"New Orleans, next stop!† the conductor hollered, breaking my dream. I looked out the window. The sun was sinking low into the sky, and Lavinias almost dead body felt overwhelming in my arms. Outside the window, New Orleans ascended as though in a fantasy, and I could see the sea proceeding endlessly until the end of time. It resembled my life was bound to be: ceaseless years, endless feedings, endless lovely young ladies with sweet moans and better blood. â€Å"Forever gasping, and always young,† I murmured, satisfied at how well the lines from the artist Keats fit my new life. â€Å"Sir!† The conductor thumped on the entryway. I walked out of the compartment, cleaning my mouth with the rear of my hand. He was a similar conductor whod halted Damon and me simply outside Mystic Falls, and I saw doubt move quickly over his face. â€Å"Were in New Orleans, then?† I solicited, the flavor of Lavinias blood in the rear of my throat. The ginger-haired conductor gestured. â€Å"And the women? Theyre aware?† â€Å"Oh truly, theyre aware,† I stated, not breaking my look as I slipped my ticket out of my pocket. â€Å"But they asked not to be upset. Furthermore, I ask not to be upset, as well. Youve never observed me. Youve never been by this compartment. Afterward, on the off chance that anybody asks, you state there may have been a few cheats who jumped on the train outside Richmond. They looked dubious. Association soldiers,† I concocted. â€Å"Union soldiers?† the conductor rehashed, plainly confounded. I murmured. Until I had convincing leveled out, Id need to fall back on an increasingly perpetual style of memory deleting. Instantly I snatched the conductor by the neck and snapped it as effectively as though it were a sweet pea. At that point I tossed him into the compartment with Lavinia and shut the entryway behind me. â€Å"Yes, Union officers consistently ruin things, dont they?† I asked logically. At that point, whistling the entire way, I went to gather Damon from the gentlemens club vehicle. Part 6 Damon was drooped right where Id left him, an immaculate bourbon glass perspiring on the oak table before him. â€Å"Come on,† I said generally, yanking Damon up by the arm. The train was easing back, and surrounding us travelers were gathering their possessions and arranging behind a conductor who remained before the dark iron ways to the outside world. However, since we were unrestricted by assets and favored with quality, I realized our most logical option was to leave the train a similar way marry entered: by hopping off the rear of the rear. I needed us both to be a distant memory before anybody saw anything was not right. â€Å"You look well,brother.† His tone was light, however the pastiness of his skin and the purpling underneath his eyes parted with exactly how genuinely drained and hungry he was. For a moment, I wished Id left some of Lavinia for him, however immediately neglected the idea. I needed to take a firm hand. That was the manner by which Father used to prepare the ponies. Denying them food until they at last quit yanking on the reins and submitted to being ridden. It was the equivalent with Damon. He should have been broken. â€Å"One of us needs to keep up our strength,† I told Damon, my back to him as I drove the route to the last vehicle of the train. The train was all the while crawling along, the wheels scratching against the iron lengths of track. We didnt have a lot of time. We mixed back through the dirty coal to the entryway, which I pulled open without any problem. â€Å"On three! One Two † I got his wrist and bounced. Both of our knees hit the hard earth underneath with a crash. â€Å"Always need to flaunt, dont you, brother?† Damon stated, recoiling. I saw his pants had been torn at the knees from the fall, and his hands were scarred with rock. I was immaculate, with the exception of a tough situation on my elbow. â€Å"You ought to have fed.† I shrugged. The whistle of the train screamed, and I took in the sights. We were on the edge of New Orleans, a clamoring city loaded up with smoke and a smell like a blend of margarine and kindling and dim water. It was far greater than Richmond, which had been the biggest city Id at any point known. Be that as it may, there was something different, a feeling of risk that filled the air. I smiled. Here was a city we could vanish in. I started strolling toward town at the superhuman speed I still hadnt become accustomed to, Damon trailing behind me, his footfalls uproarious and cumbersome, however consistent. We advanced

Overview of Invictus Essay Example For Students

Review of Invictus Essay Framework four reasons for struggle in South Africa during 1990’s as found in the boost. Strife can be viewed as a typical event in a gathering procedure. In numerous occasions it supposedly arises at whatever point there is a contradiction among various individuals from a specific gathering due to varying assessments. Clint Eastwood’s Film Invictus altogether passes on the idea of contention between the ‘blacks’ and ‘whites’ caused because of the politically-sanctioned racial segregation arrangement of racial isolation, a great visual model in the film was the detachment of dark and whites in the football match-up, This contention inside the football field not to mention South Africa supposedly occurs in the film due to varying of sentiments and individual contrasts as it is observed that unmistakable qualities, for example, ones skin shading has caused a disgrace and assessments of negative generalizations put upon an entire gathering causing by and large clash. The contention in South Africa was likewise brought about by incapable correspondence, as the film portrays a nation with two racial gatherings that obviously never traded gainful discussion of any sort, which thus debilitated gatherings to see varying purpose of perspectives. This absence of correspondence between bunches is seen to have made clash as no positive interchanges were made, just leaving space for blended informed. Shifting qualities was another key idea that was seen to cause struggle as the ‘whites’ and ‘blacks’ had contrasting convictions, ethics and perspectives which was influenced by the earlier Apartheid framework. The distinction of convictions and ethics apparently caused a partition between bunches in the film as the Afrikaners are seen to be embarrassed and corrupt the new ‘black’ president comes into power, while dark Africans delighted and exceptionally esteemed the new president. The earlier model additionally epitomizes the contrary objectives inside gatherings that obviously caused strife. The various objectives between the ‘whites’ and ‘blacks’ clearly causes a detachment as they are centered around accomplishing totally inverse objectives, This prompted struggle as the accomplishment of one gatherings objective, for instance the dark Africans achievement of picking up Mandela as a President meddles with the Afrikaans objectives, further isolating and making difference between gatherings. Depict the initiative style utilized by nelson Mandela in the film. The film Invictus portrays Nelson Mandela as a Transformational pioneer as he is ceaselessly observed to move a few gatherings with a dream of the objective ahead and imparting confidence, This quality of a transformational pioneer is found in the location of Mandela’s first day of office as the previous presidents staff are assembled to a conference by Mandela after he watches them pressing their assets because of their supposition that they will lose their positions. He connects with the gathering by making open correspondence and making a trust framed by trustworthiness as he imparts confidence in them in the gathering by expressing that their disparities would not disrupt everything and that it is placed before and energizes bunch cohesiveness to accomplish those with a shared objective for what's to come. He makes it a point that in addition to the fact that he wants the gatherings help, at the end of the day needs it, this shows his capacity persuade the gathering as he builds up them as an indispensable piece of the whole objective, at last leaving them feeling engaged and with greater duty regarding the job needing to be done. He guarantees to support them that on the off chance that it isn't in their souls it is at last their decision to leave however if they somehow managed to remain, on the off chance that they work to their abilities he guaranteed he will do likewise. This general gives him promise to the gathering as people as well as his duty to the result that the gatherings make. Invictus indeed depicts Mandela as one with numerous qualities of a transformational pioneer. World Trade Center - Movie Summary EssayThese are generally includes that Mandela exemplified which was vital in his prosperity to motivate the torn nation of the vision ahead turn the overwhelming impacts and racial division because of the politically-sanctioned racial segregation. Survey the viability of this authority style in assisting with settling struggle circumstances. Transformational administration was a style that Mandela decided to show as he drove the nation. He utilized this type of administration as it permitted him move and impart a dream through good faith, which carried inspiration to the entire nation that was basically in a staggering state. This type of initiative was compelling as it implied that Mandela demonstrated the basic beliefs that he was attempting to impart in the nation, which was basically congruity. All through the film we watch him encapsulating the positive qualities which are seen a few times to motivate people around him. Along these lines at last propelling those with negative mentalities to follow his increasingly idealistic strides which thus individually starts affecting people around him to adjust their perspectives and recognitions which helped the achievement of Mandela’s objective to free of racial partition in South Africa. Transformational pioneers for this situation Mandela are Innovative visionaries that are positive about their capacity. This is seen in the film as Mandela utilizes a whimsical method to seek after his objective. This inventiveness is exemplified as Mandela utilizes Rugby to Move his nation to accomplish his definitive vision and objective of amicability inside the nation, which thusly is regarded effective as it evacuates the contrasts between discrete gatherings, eventually expelling the profound seeded detachment between the gatherings and effectively accomplishing his general objective of putting aside the distinctions. These kinds of pioneers are known for being exceptionally intuitive with gatherings and Mandela was a flawless case of this. He was a pioneer that was adaptable as in addition to the fact that he motivated and support everyone around him he guaranteed that he looked for exhortation and considered the assessment of all people that needed to be heard. Despite the fact that Mandela was known for his capacity to be adaptable and consider the assessments of others he likewise had the capacity to decode and become emphatic when he realized it was vital as it would at last advantage the nation. This is viewed as Mandela tunes in to an associates sentiment on his decision with respect to the rugby crew however decides to stand firm and seek after his unique plans as that’s what he really accepts is eventually the correct decision that won't just advantage his objective yet the nation all in all. His capacity to be an adaptable pioneer and extraordinary relational aptitudes, guarantees that he completely comprehended what the area needed and required giving him a thought of the assessments of the South African culture. This permitted him to make techniques and ingrain plans that he thought was required as well as was what the South African’s needed to see , at last having positive effect on the nation by tending to the issues between varying gatherings to at last discard the contention. We can clearly see that Mandela’s type of transformational administration was a successful decision as the procedures that he utilized in the end settled the distinctions and strife inside the restricting gatherings in South Africa to make a nation of Harmony. This gives us that the type of transformational authority effectively supported Mandela to effectively his general objective to repair a separated nation.

Best Ways to Generate Ideas for a Writing Project

Best Ways to Generate Ideas for a Writing Project The Best Methods to Generate Senior Writing Projects Ideas Looking for creative writing final project ideas? A senior project (also known as a grad project, culminating project or exit project) is a challenging task performed by high school seniors where they have to demonstrate their academic knowledge in a practical way. The senior project shows learning experience of a student and is based on a topic which a student has to choose on his own. Completing a project based on ideas of personal interest gives high school students a great opportunity to develop and demonstrate the real life skills that are required for success in today’s competitive world. The senior project format varies not only from state to state but even from school to school in the same district. But typically, the senior writing project consists of the following steps: Generating writing project ideas and choosing a topic of personal interest Completing a research paper on that topic Having real life experience related to the chosen topic Having practical experience related directly to the chosen topic Keeping a record of achievements demonstrating your work Presentation In some cases, high school students complete the final project on their own, but there are schools that allow group projects and group presentations. All good writing turns around good ideas. No matter what you are writing, you will always spend much time and effort generating ideas. Only few people can easily come up with an interesting topic at once, put their thoughts in order in their heads, write down great ideas for a creative writing project, and organize their argument. But for most of us choosing a good topic for the final project may not be easy so the common question that high school senior school students ask online is: What are the three best ways to generate ideas for a writing project? A lot of people would agree that the best ways to find new topics and ideas for writing are conducting online research, asking the reference librarian, and writing out ideas. When you have chosen a topic for your written project, you can use different ways to generate ideas for your writing and here are the three best methods. Brainstorming is making lists of every idea you can think about your topic no matter how crazy or silly it is. Freewriting is similar to brainstorming but you should write in sentence and paragraph forms without stopping for 15-20 minutes. Idea map/web may be useful that you think better visually. An idea map or idea web can immediately show key relationships between ideas and encourage developing ideas in one direction without confusing other ideas. The Best Creative Writing Projects Ideas Many middle school and high school students do not like writing and think that completing essays and book reports is a boring chore that they cannot escape. But creative writing projects can be incredibly fun because they give students a chance to enjoy a break from formal essay writing and written tests. Unfortunately, when the students are uncertain about their writing skills, creativity or imagination, creative writing can be incredibly terrifying although learning to write creatively is crucial for future success in college and the job market. Motivating middle school students to write may be tricky and require well-chosen writing projects ideas for middle school that appeal to their growing sense of personal independence and individuality. Creative writing begins with observing the world and sharing the best images with the others. It can be done in the form of writing journals, poetry, short stories, and essays. High school students are usually mature enough to cope with more complex creative writing project ideas for high school because they often strive for artistically polished writing. Creative activities for high school students may include Writing a simple poetry, for example, haiku Composing a short story based on a news Playwriting Describing memorable events Alphabet story where each sentence begins with the next letter of the alphabet Monolog or a letter to a special person (a deceased relative or a friend, or someone who lives far away in another state or a country) High school students may also experiment with innovative, genre-bending forms like stories in form of innovative lists a story in 140 characters (Twitter format) an essay written in a form of a quiz an essay written in a form of a Google map video poems series of letters Tired of writing essays and poetry? Try to write something useful instead. Technical writing helps people solve a certain problem or get necessary information about a specific topic. Technical writing examples include instruction manuals how-to guides recipes textbooks operating instructions multimedia presentations Besides, every field of study and an occupation has its own specific language that is included in specialized reports and other written projects that are considered technical writing too. If you were given a technical writing assignment, you may try these interesting technical writing project ideas. Write instruction manuals on how to use Twitter, Instagram, Facebook or any other social media that high school students are good at. Write a recipe of your favorite food keeping in mind that your directions should be specific enough so that everyone could make the food properly. Write a contract regarding daily chores about your house and make sure you define all the terms. Rewrite a school policy. Of course, any type of writing may be challenging and good writing skills require hard work. If you face problems with any type of written assignment, you can hire a qualified writer and get professional writing help. Our writers are skilled and experienced enough to cope with even the most unusual written assignments. They will craft a perfect model paper on your topic that you can use as a practical tool to improve your own writing skills.

Feminist Theory The Beginnings Of Feminism - 1571 Words

The Beginnings of Feminism â€Å"Feminist theory is an attempt to bring in views from the movement and other female experiences along with research and data information to create new ways to putting an end to female oppression (Kolmar and Bartkowski 12).† Women of all time periods use feminist theory to collaborate together on their real life experiences to come up with ways to make women apart of everyday life. Throughout the different time periods, women have gained more and more power into society ultimately bringing women to where they are today. Each aspect of Cassandra, Helen, and Medea’s life can be compared to the feminist theory. Kolmar and Bartkowski view the feminist theory as a way to describe and analyze the lives of women. The†¦show more content†¦Helen, Cassandra, and Medea were leaders of their time in the yet unknown world of Feminism. These women provides hope and inspiration to women all over the world and this is why these plays are still relevant today. The Trojan Wo men and Medea show the first signs of Feminism because Cassandra, Helen, and Medea were strong and independent women who were determined to not become inferior to men. Cassandra is a character that represents the intelligence and strength of females during the fall of Troy. Cassandra, the daughter of Hecabe, has been selected to be the slave of King Agamemnon himself. Cassandra pledged celibacy in honor of the gods and now against her will she is forced to lose her virginity to a man she does not know. Cassandra has been cursed by Apollo and the curse allows her to foresee the future which entails Agamemnon s wife killing her and the King upon arrival in Argos. Cassandra elevates the intelligence of woman here as she states how no matter the fate of a man he will always be superior to women: â€Å"How different for the men of Troy, whose glory it was to die defending their own country! Those who fell were carried back by comrades to their homes, prepared for burial by the hands they loved, and laid rest in the land that bore them; those who survived the field returned each evening to their wives and children (The Trojan Woman 387-392).† No m atter what happens to men even death on the battlefield, men will always win and beShow MoreRelatedCritically Examine How Black Feminism Emerged And Assess1229 Words   |  5 PagesBlack feminism emerged and assess its impact on contemporary feminist theory. Answer with reference to intersectionality and ‘difference . feminism means the equality between men and women in social, political and social standing. There are many different types of feminism that women have adopted that they best feel aligns with their perspectives of the world. This essay will mainly be focusing black feminism that was developed in the 1960s. The essay will examine why the black feminism movementRead MoreFeminism Throughout History1698 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism Throughout history, women around the globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult to them because of patriarchy, an ideology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and thisRead MoreFeminism Is A Political, Cultural, Or Economic Movement?1542 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism has been around since the early 1900s, but the longer it stays around the less needed it’s become (â€Å"History and Theory of Feminism†). What is feminism though? â€Å"Feminism is a political, cultural, or economic movement aimed at establishing equal rights and legal protection for women (â€Å"History and Theory of Feminism†).† But, people in this day and age are more int erested in equal rights for all genders, not just for women. People believe that feminism is over and done because feminists haveRead MoreFeminism And The Age Of Media1337 Words   |  6 PagesMy Change in Defining Feminism It was my honor to take ENGL 1102 with Dr. Allukian this semester. ENGL 1102, Feminism in the Age of Media, is a course focus on the theoretical world of feminism: feminism definitions and its presentations in real life. Through the reading of various feminist theories by famous pioneers such as bell hooks and Sandra Bartky, I gradually understand the concept of feminism. The further practices of integrating my learning with practices such as making videos and presentingRead MoreFeminist Theory1345 Words   |  6 PagesFeminist Theory Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, or philosophical discourse, it aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines womens social roles and lived experience, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, psychoanalysis, economics, literary criticism, education, and philosophy. While generally providing a critique of social relations, much of feminist theory also focuses on analyzing genderRead MoreFeminism : A Heavy Stigma Surrounding The Word `` Feminism `` Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe word â€Å"feminism†, saying it out loud evokes emotional responses from many people. During my conversations, I received many casual responses to feminism, or rather the traditional, â€Å"I believe in equality† response. I also received some negative responses from people that did not approve with modern day feminism, or believed that we had already achieved equality. And finally, I rec eived some very strong — yet positive — responses to feminism, however, these people explained that feminism itself isRead MoreFeminism : A Feminist Perspective1667 Words   |  7 PagesModern Feminism Before we begin, I want you to create a picture in your head. You read that there is going to be a feminist rally in your local city this afternoon. What does your mind picture? Lots of pink I’m sure. Who is there? Why, a bunch of women, of course! And what could they possibly want this time? I’ll let you keep that one to yourself. We all know that in today’s world, feminism is often seen as a joke. Just a bunch of white women prancing around with signs expressing their angst forRead MoreFrida Kahlo Feminist Theory Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe feminist theory has been most commonly found throughout literature, as writers express their deepest concerns and criticisms. However, the feminist theory can be found in other mediums: art, journalism, and music. Frida Kahlo is known for contributing to the feminist theory, having participated in joining the Communist Party in the 1920s, which was the second wave (Helland 397). What truly led Kahlo to become an icon of the feminism and feminist theory was her expression of herself. Kahlo paintedRead More Feminism Essays1237 Words   |  5 PagesFeminism Works Cited Missing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Feminism is the theory that men and women should be equal, politically, economically, and socially. There are many different types of feminism and each have a profound impact on someone’s view of society. The first is cultural feminism, which is the theory that there are fundamental personality differences between men and women, and that women’s differences are special. This theory supports the idea that there are biological differences between men and womenRead MoreFeminism : What Is It Anyway? Essay745 Words   |  3 PagesAnalyzing Magnanti Feminism. What is it Anyway? by Magnanti (2012) is a analysis of feminism. Magnanti highlights the key issues with feminism as well as states her reasoning for not being one. Magnanti uses many examples for how feminism is not inclusive and creates conclusions which prove her argument. This essay is an analysis of Magnanti’s article. It goes over the outline of her premises, conclusions, and argument. The second part is an analysis of Magnanti’s argument, which will go over any

BRAND COMPARISON PAPER - 1359 Words

Brand Comparison Paper Edwin Loeffler, Jessica Canaday, Mackenzie Damm, Cindy Berrios BRM/353 September 8, 2014 Bridget Peaco Brand Comparison Paper Introduction Pepsi Co. and Coca-Cola have been in business for a long time and both are largely successful companies in the beverage industry. They both have different brand components in comparison. A few of the different comparisons would be pricing, quality, packaging, logos, brand equity and features. In the following paper we will discuss these items in detail to see how different these two brands are. Pricing Strategies Looking at the pricing strategies of PepsiCo and Coca-Cola they are taking two very different plans. The products they sell are similar with†¦show more content†¦Product Image and Personality Even though these companies are vastly different in there branding they are very similar when it comes to image and personality. Both companies are concerned with sustainable packaging, recycling, and making an impact of the future of our globe and its environment. Coca-Cola has a commitment to â€Å"set the standard for sustainable packaging, achieve zero waste in our operations and recycle more packaging than we use† (Coca Cola Enterprises, 2014). Coca-Cola uses targets such as using less packaging, using recycled materials, PET bottles, recyclability of their packaging, manufacturing, and inspiring consumers to recycle to assist in keeping our environments clean (Coca Cola Enterprises, 2014). Coca-Cola also uses campaigns like â€Å"Recycle for the Future† to inspire communities to recycle (Coca Cola Enterprises, 2014). Pepsi also concerns them with less packaging, turning waste into wealth, recycling, and motivating others to recycle (PepsiCo, n.d.). Both companies want to improve what they are doing as a company to help improve the environments in communities where they are located. Distinguishing Features Pepsi Co and Coca Cola are both known for offering similar colas that have competed to be consumer’s favorite soda for decades. Pepsi Co most recently has been seen as a more attractive brand to a younger audience than the well-known Coca Cola. Pepsi Co isShow MoreRelatedPhonology : Phonology And Phonological Development1478 Words   |  6 Pagesname a few. http://www.usefoundation.org/userdata/file/Research/Regions/new_york.pdf Modern Hebrew is influenced by phonological and morpho-syntactic rules derived from borrowed languages. We research the phonological aspects of the language in comparison to Standard American English, as well as the clinical implications it has on the services we provide. Modern Hebrew is comprised of 27 consonants and five vowels and eight diphthongs. The five vowels are: low and central vowel /a/, mid front vowelRead MoreChem Review4686 Words   |  19 Pagesare far apart from one another|||Yes| Molecules are moving|Yes|Yes|Yes| 2. Fill in the chart below: (a thru f) a. Sublimation b. Evaporate/Boil c. Melt d. Condense e. Freeze f. Deposition 3. Which of the above (a thru f) are exothermic? D, E, F 4. Which of the above (a thru f) are endothermic? A, B, C 5. Water boils when the atmospheric pressure is equal to the vapor pressure. 6. How are temperature and the kinetic energy ofRead MoreThe And Post Operative Patient Reported Outcomes Measures2007 Words   |  9 Pagesexpected outcome and post-operative recovery. Although their use derives helpful clinical data, not all clinicians have adopted their use into their busy clinical practice. PROM data has traditionally been collected in the clinic setting using a paper-based method. Newer, computer-based, electronic PROM data collection systems allow for quicker data collection, automated data input and processing; and minimal clinician input.(Griffiths-Jones et al. 2014) Several THA PROM clinical scores have beenRead MoreLuxury Brand Strategy of Louis Vuitton6776 Words   |  28 PagesGraduate School of Commerce, Waseda University Tokyo, Japan, nagasawa@waseda.jp Abstract: By systematically breaking down th e strategy of the single Louis Vuitton luxury brand into the four Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion), our aim in this paper is to extract the rules or principles of its brand marketing that differ from that of general consumer goods. In other words, the object is to distill the rules and principles of success strategies for l uxury brands as well as to derive a busi nessRead MoreBiltrite Corp.23519 Words   |  95 Pagespublicly accessible website, in whole or in part. BR-2 SOLUTIONS FOR THE BILTRITE CASES The following pages in this manual contain the solutions to the Biltrite Bicycles, Inc. audit practice case. The solutions are presented by module number. Answers to the narrative questions are presented first, followed by the completed working papers as solutions to those parts requiring audit working paper completion. The completed working papers are also included in the accompanying instructors resourceRead MoreEssay about Student Intro23512 Words   |  95 Pagesto a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. BR-2 SOLUTIONS FOR THE BILTRITE CASES The following pages in this manual contain the solutions to the Biltrite Bicycles, Inc. audit practice case. The solutions are presented by module number. Answers to the narrative questions are presented first, followed by the completed working papers as solutions to those parts requiring audit working paper completion. The completed working papers are also included in the accompanying instructors resourceRead MoreChemical Properties Of Unknown White Compound2264 Words   |  10 Pagesproperties. In order to do so, a solubility test, a flame test, and ion tests were conducted. From the results of these initial tests and the given list of compounds, the unknown white compound was thought to be composed of sodium and a halide (I-, Br-, or Cl-). Of the list, NaCl was the appropriate compound, however NaC2H3O3 was also tested out of skepticism. To verify the identity of the substance, the solubility and flame tests were performed again along with a pH test. The pH tests of NaCl andRead MoreOxford Plastics Company11575 Words   |  47 PagesSticky cost behavior: Evidence from small and medium sized companies Nicola Dalla Via* RSM Erasmus University Rotterdam Paolo Perego RSM Erasmus University Rotterdam 1 February 2013 Abstract: This paper investigates whether cost stickiness occurs in small and medium sized companies using a sample of Italian non-listed and listed firms during the period 1999-2008. Our findings show that cost stickiness emerges only for the total cost of labor and not for the selling, general, and administrativeRead MoreThe Ethiopian Financial Sector Reform29124 Words   |  117 PagesProfessor Teshome Mulat, who has read the manuscript and provided valuable comments. My thanks also goes to Ato Kagnew Wolde, Ato Tegenu Hailu, Ato Atnafu G/Meskel and Staff of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia; without whose encouragement and support, this paper would have not been completed timely. I am also indebted to my family and friends for their enduring moral support to finalize this task. Thanks must also be extended to staff of National Bank of Ethiopia, public and private banks and Ministry ofRead MoreKiss Notes : Production of Materials15685 Words   |  63 Pagesbond , H C=C, H H H / / H I H I H-C -C-H I I H H Ethene (Ethylene) CZH4 ~ Ethene is also known by its C =C common name, Ethvlene. I I This is the name favoured in H H the syllabus, so it will be used from here on. 7 , H C=C, H H H / / Br Br I I H-C -C-H I I H H Reaction with HCl Ethylene is the simplest of the Alkene homologous series. You previously learnt about the Phvsical Properties of the alkenes: †¢ low m.p. b.p.s. †¢ insoluble in water. †¢ non-conductors of electricity. Due

Airborne United States Postal Service and Express Mail Free Essays

string(46) " volumes of urgent items to other businesses\." A five force analysis consists of five parts being threat of substitutes, ease of entry and exit, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, and degree of rivalry. The threat of substitutes for Airborne, in the domestic express mail market, came from two other large firms Federal Express and the United Postal Service. FedEx, UPS, and Airborne together held an 85% market share. We will write a custom essay sample on Airborne: United States Postal Service and Express Mail or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fedex held roughly 45% of the domestic mail market and was considered the industry leader, however disputed. Their name was synonymous with sending something overnight. Almost like when at a restaurant we order a â€Å"coke†, no matter what the exact brand is the waitress will understand what we want. The United Parcel Service, UPS, was the largest package delivery company in the world and held a 25% market share of the domestic expedited mail service. Airborne was under the constant threat of substitutes, which were significant. The ease of entry and exit into the expedited mail delivery market is very difficult. Planes, trucks, personal, facilities, equipment all need to be in place before even one package is successfully delivered. Buyers had much bargaining power in that the three largest domestic expedited mail carriers each offered similar products, next morning delivery for time sensitive items. Price, reliability, access to tracking, customer service, and convince of drop-off locations were all things that the customer many times would consider before choosing their carrier. The bargaining power of suppliers was also strong. The physical delivery of the package was only a part of the services offered to customers. The major companies also made it possible to track packages en route, guarantee on time service, and even provide logistical consulting services. The degree of rivalry was very intense between these companies, in the early 1990’s industry observers called the competition between FedEx and Ups the â€Å"parcel war. † Each company would not only match each other’s prices but also their technology and services Factor| Airborne| UPS| Fedex| Products Offered| 1| 2| 1| Target Customers| 1| 2| 2| Competitive Positioning| 3| 2| 1| Financial Performance| 1| 1| 1| Culture| 2| 1| 3| Land Ops| 2| 1| 1| Air Ops| 2| 1| 1| Marketing and Sales| 2| 1| 1| Customer Service| 1| 2| 2| IT| 3| 2| 1| Totals| 18| 14| 14| Lowest=Best Airborne is strong in its products offered in always seeming to be on the forefront and targeting customers efficiently. Unlike FedEx and UPS, Airborne owned the airport that served as its major hub in Wilmington, Ohio. As a result Airborne did not have to pay fees to the airport and could fix any obstacles that they came across at their own facility without having to consult with any outside parties. Airborne also differentiated by not having its own retail service centers and owning only a portion of their delivery vans. These were both cost saving differentiators, hiring independent contractors to pickup and delivery was 10% less expensive. Airborne did not market to the mass media instead they targeted the personal within companies who were in charge of logistics in order to obtain larger more profitable accounts. Providing flexible, custom solutions for their customers was also a difference in business plans that Airborne however FedEx and UPS also began to claim this. Ensure that Airborne survives and thrives in the future, the company would need to remain competitive with UPS and Fedex. Airborne’s relationship with RPS was beneficial because RPS had connections to the heart of UPS’s customer base in the form of large volume business customers. The physical distribution of Airborne and RPS were completely separate. To survive, I would suggest that Airborne form a stronger relationship not just sharing of marketing and shipping information. How and why has the express mail industry structure evolved in recent years? How have the changes affected small competitors? The US express mail industry is highly consolidated. 85% of the market is served by 3 service providers. There are six second tier players who serve the remaining 15%. FedEx and UPS lead the industry in services and innovation. The following trends have been observed in this Industry. Services: A host of services are provided to suit the needs to different businesses. Overnight shipping and next-morning delivery are most popular amongst other services like next-afternoon delivery and second day service. Same-day and early-next morning services are even costlier. Shipment volumes have risen over the decade however the rise in revenues has not been complimentary, due to falling prices. Customers: it is imperative for businesses to facilitate fast information dissemination. Express mails have provided a medium for establishing this. All businesses and individuals today use this service. Contrary to the traditional belief, items being shipped are high value compared to high weight. These items are time-sensitive. Customers have different criteria’s to decide which service provider to use. With advancements in technology, this industry has become highly automated, there by providing better customer service with relation to parcel tracking, pick up services etc. The decision matrix generally includes brand name, reliability, price, customer service etc. Customers are generally not loyal as switching costs are negligible. Operations: Most players use the hub-and-spoke model. Major hubs act as collecting grounds for mail from all over America. The mails are then sorted and then sent off to respective destinations. Priority is given to early-next and next-morning mails. Planes land and take off all through the night. Capital expenditure related to a hub is extremely high. Both FedEx and UPS emphasize on improving the sorting capacity†¦ Airborne Express grew very rapidly in the late 1990’s, outperforming both of its main rivals, FedEx and UPS. When evaluating the success of Airborne, it is evident that the organization employed a strategy of low cost leadership, utilizing tactics surrounding efficiencies, cost reductions, market focus, and rigid budgeting. Early in its history, the company targeted a certain market, primarily businesses that shipped large volumes of urgent items to other businesses. You read "Airborne: United States Postal Service and Express Mail" in category "Essay examples" This focus allowed Airborne to avoid markets of marginal value. In addition, Airborne retained cost minimization in key functional areas such as technology, marketing, and overhead. Airborne was very selective in their investment in technology and innovation, allowing first adapters to pave the way. The automation they did provide, such as FOCUS and the electronic submission of shipping information, saved money on labor y reducing manual data entry requirements. Also, Airborne did not advertise in mass media, but rather targeted selective logistics managers of major shippers, creating a courting style sales environment (Airborne, p. 12). This allowed for long term partnerships with repeat business. Overhead was kept around 30% less than main riva ls. These types of actions, among others performed by Airborne, all point to low cost leadership. When analyzing the role of resources in the firm, Airborne has strong tangible, intangible, and capability resources in their favor. For example, Airborne owned the airport that served as its major hub, including the warehouses that surrounded the airport, which they leased to business customers (Airborne, p. 11). In addition, Airborne owned a fleet of 175 aircraft, although used; they provided Airborne the opportunity to personalize the outfitting of each aircraft to their cargo needs. Airborne also owned a portion of its delivery trucks, using independent contractors to provide balance on labor costs, fuel, and truck maintenance. A lack of unions in the hub also kept labor costs down. A niche market of large corporate clients with solid sales relationships was among the capability resources. Along with a large amount of equity and cash, Airborne was situated to be a very strong company. While there are many threats to the sustainability of low cost leadership, one of the biggest threats is imitation, especially in businesses using the internet (DLE, p. 177). Airborne, due to its business model, was both subject to and immune to this threat. Because it waited for others to test new technologies first, Airborne reaped the benefits of rivals work. For example, Airborne created a software system, its Freight On-Line Control and Update System (FOCUS), which imitated Federal Express’ COSMOS, and allowed customers to trace packages themselves rather than rely on company representatives. Because Airborne tailored its innovation practices after already successful programs, they challenged rivals sustainability in the market. On the other hand, Airborne also developed new technologies, like those associated with Xerox scanning and delivery, which gave Airborne the ability to deliver Xerox packages before 8AM. This method was easily imitated by FedEx and UPS, which enabled the rivals to provide the same service to their entire customer base, instead of just one client. Airborne was unable to capitalize on the technological advancement after the initial introduction, and therefore, suffered a low cost leadership sustainability threat. ————————————————- Basic Information of  Airborne Express Case Number: 9-798-070 Author: Jan W. Rivkin Publisher: Harvard Business Publishing Year: Feb 5, 1998 Course Category: Strategy ————————————————- Case Summary  of Airborne Express 1997: Airborne Express quarterly revenues up by 29%, and YTD net earnings ad increased by more than 500%. Third largest player in express mail industry. Boost from the recent strike at rival UPS. Fastest growing company in the industry, but thin margins. Federal Express had recently raised prices. †¢ Previous year: Fed Ex and UPS launched new services and pricing schemes o UPS moved to distance-based pricing, with prices raised on long-distance shipments, lowered on short-distance shipments. Fed Ex followed suit in 1997. Would Airborne? The Express Mail Industry in the United States: Services provided include: physical shipment of packages, shipment tracking, on-time service guarantees, customs clearance expedition, warehousing services, logistics consulting services †¢ Customers: o Businesses In industries such as financial services and consulting, express mail had become the standard means of delivering docs o Typical shipments: busines s docs, electronic components, medical samples, and replacement parts. o Customer base broadening. Portion of goods considered perishable or time-sensitive increasing over time. Acceleration in the pace of business increased express volume shipped by each customer. Main consideration factors when deciding whether to ship an item express mail were urgency of shipment and price Carrier selection based off of relative price, carrier reliability, brand name, tracking capabilities, customer service, drop-off convenience, and/or habit. Discounts based on volume encouraged customers to focus on one carrier. However, customers tend not to be loyal when a contract expires. †¢ Operations: 1. Large fleet of vans and drivers. Drivers leave central depot and collect packages. At point of pick up, hand-held computer used to scan the package’s barcode and enter package data. Data transferred to central computer, which determined routing. Package scanned at each subsequent transfer points so that the company could track its progress. 2. Packages driven to airport, placed in containers, which were, in turn, placed on company-operated cargo planes. Upon landing at airport, usually around 11 pm, crew, using special equipment, unloaded plane in 20 minutes. Second crew simultaneously servicing plane in prep for outbound flight. 3. Cargo containers taken to hangar, where packages are sorted according to final destination. Labor-intensive. Once sorted, packaged placed in containers and loaded onto planes. Planes typically depart from 3 am – 4 am. Planes landed around 6 am at destination airports. 4. Packages unloaded, distributed to vans, and delivered to final destinations. †¢ Lower-priority packages follow slightly different route – more likely to travel by truck rather than air. †¢ Heavy investment in large hub facilities, air and ground fleets. †¢ Devoted to customer service and sophisticated information systems. †¢ Competition: †¢ Domestic Express Mail Market: 3 major players = Fed Ex, UPS, Airborne Express, serving ; 85% of the market. nd tier players: BAX Global, DHL Worldwide Express, Emery Worldwide, Roadway Package System, TNT Express Worldwide, US Postal Service. †¢ US Postal Service served much of the remaining 15% of the market, popular due to the convenience of the post office to residential customers. However, prohibited by law from offering volume discounts to business customers. Also, could not track packages efficiently, and poor delivery record. †¢ DHL, TNT focused on international market. o DHL offered extensive service in hard-to-reach areas of the globe. Required knowledge of customs procedures and officials to clear customs quickly. Not heavily invested in domestic capabilities. †¢ BAX Global, Emery focused on heavy cargo †¢ RPS focused on 2-day delivery via a ground network, targeting price-sensitive business customers. Known for efficient ground transport and sophisticated IT. †¢ Fax, email †¢ Compete on multiple fronts, including prices, products, and customer service Major Competitors †¢ Federal Express o 45% domestic express mail market o History: Invented the industry. Prior to founding, express deliveries flew as freight in holds of passenger planes. Frederick Smith, proposed an airline dedicated solely to express delivery of mail. Argued airlines designed to carry passengers suboptimal for carrying express mail. Any route acceptable for a package as long as it arrives on time. Hub-and-spoke routing more efficient for express mail. Packages would be collected at a single airport, sorted, and sent to their destinations. 1971, Federal Express incorporated. Target market focused on small packages, which were largely ignored by other air carriers. High barriers to entry: assembling fleet of jets, constructing a hub in Memphis, securing initial customers, and gaining governmental approval in highly regulated airline industry. Service started in April, 1973. 1983, reached $1 billion in revenue, the first company to do so within 10 years of start up, without acquisition. o Technology: COSMOS, central computer system, coordinated vehicles, people, packages, routes, and weather information. Supertrackers used by couriers to enter in package info Digitally Assisted Dispatch System (DADS) directed couriers to pickup locations and uploaded info from Supertrackers to COSMOS Gave customers Powership computer terminals and shipping software to prepare shipping paperwork, streamline billing, and track shipments. www. fedex. com o Marketing ; Sales Aggressive marketing led to widely recognized mottoes High advertising expenditures + sales reps + money-back guarantee o People ; Culture â€Å"People, Service, Profit†¦When people are placed first, they will provide the highest possible service, and profits will follow. † Promoted from within. No layoffs policy. Cross-trained employees and cultivated a large part-time workforce. Extensive employee-training programs Employees given wide latitude to make decisions on their own. Expected to take risks and resolve problems on own. Emphasis on communication. †¢ FXTV broadcast daily company news, weather conditions, competition info, etc. Formal compensation system. Managers’ incentive pay based on performance against negotiated objectives, employee satisfaction playing a significant role. Hourly workers were also eligible for bonuses. o International Ventures 1985, Fred Smith’s vision of global delivery of express mail. However, expensive. 1992, overseas operating losses topped $600 million, so company scaled back. Relied on partner companies to complete deliveries. †¢ United Parcel Service (UPS) o Largest package delivery company in the world, but most volume not express mail, traveled via ground network. History Founded in 1907 as a messenger service. Repositioned itself as the delivery arm of major department stores. 1950s: automobile ownership widespread, retail stores moved to suburbs. Repositioned again around â€Å"common carrier† service to deliver parcels in general, not just department store deliveries, by truck. Only reached goal of complete national coverage in 1980s, due to lega l and regulatory battles to deliver within and between states. 1953, coupled ground network with cargo services of major airlines to offer two-day delivery service. 1981, purchases first aircrafts. 987, took direct control of all air operations. USPS viewed as main rival. Focused on reducing costs since rates were highly regulated. Charged single price to all customers. Saved money by picking up at company’s convenience and not investing in collecting info (could not track packages easily). Late 1980s/early 1990s, refocused around customer service and invested in aircrafts, sorting infrastructure, and technology, in order to compete with Fed Ex. Radically and successfully restructured. o Operations: Hub in Louisville, KY, with 5 regional air hubs around the US. Speculated that UPS’ sorting and routing facilities were highly automated and employed the latest technology. Single fleet of trucks handled pickup and delivery of all UPS shipments. o Technology: determined to match Fed Ex’s information collection capabilities, invested $3 billion in advanced technology between 1990 and 1995. Resulted in ability to track packages efficiently, deliver electronic proof of delivery, and offer money-back guarantee of on-time delivery. Internet site rivaled Fed Ex’s o Marketing ; Sales: No marketing department before 1980, with little to no advertising 1996, spent 80% more on media than Fed Ex People ; Culture: â€Å"owned by managers and managed by owners;† privately owned, with stock issued to company managers, and, as of 1995, nonmanagement employees as well. Promote from within The Policy Book, emphasized management by consensus and an ethic of humility High wages kept labor-management relationships good. †¢ 1997, dri vers among best paid, largely in part to union involvement. 16-day labor strike flooded competitors business. Resolution favored labor, with an increase in full-time positions, as well as full-time and part-time wages over a five-year period. Ramifications of strike included $700 million in lost revenue and poor reputation for absolute reliable delivery. o International Operations: Invested heavily in developing global distribution network, and, even with high operating losses, seemed committed. Airborne Express: †¢ Often overlooked, but growing faster than competitors in mid-1990s, with 16% of domestic express mail market in 1997. †¢ History: o 1968, The Airborne Flower Traffic Association of California (shipped fresh flowers from Hawaii to mainland) and Pacific Air Freight (delivered perishables to/from Alaska) merged to form Airborne Freight Corporation. Prior to Fed Ex, most successful in express mail industry. o Target: business customer that regularly shipped a large volume of urgent items, primarily to other business locations. Example: Xerox †¢ Operations: o Owned airport that served a major hub. Did not pay landing fees and no obstacles to tailoring the facility to its needs. However, did need to maintain airport itself, and did not share expenses with other airlines. o Leased warehouse space on airport property (Fed Ex and UPS offered warehousing options as well, bot not onsite at airport) o Sorting operations less automated, more human labor-intensive. Unions represented app. Half of workforce, including all pilots. o Fleets consisted primarily of used aircraft, built in 1960s and 1970s. Patented cargo containers did not require cargo door. Aircraft run app. 80% full (vs. competitors 65-70%). Costs of flight did not vary by amount of cargo carried. o Shippers and recipients concentrated in metropolitan areas. o Greater portion of volume = afternoon and second-day deliveries, so could use trucks more than competitors (30% volume never on plane, vs Fed Ex’s 15%).. Cost of a truck 1/3 that of aircraft. Unlike competitors, did not maintain retail service centers and owned/operated only a portion of its delivery vans. Independent contractors 60-65% volume, and 10% less expensive than company-owned pick up and delivery. †¢ Technology: o Invested selectively. Let competitors test innovations and introduced themselves if clear benefit derived. o Freight On-Line Control and Update System (FOCUS) comparable to Fed Ex’s COS MOS o Offered high-volume shippers software which tied directly into FOCUS, allowing customers to track packages and to submit shipping info themselves as opposed to engaging service agents. Website not as comprehensive as competitors †¢ Marketing ; Sales: o Did not advertise in mass media. Targeted logistics managers of major shippers via sales force. o Known for low prices o Mid-1990s, â€Å"the flexible, solution-oriented express carrier† with an ability to tailor its services to needs of large business customers. However, Fed Ex and UPS offered 8 am service to any customer for a surcharge, as well as claimed to be able to tailor services to customer needs too. †¢ People ; Culture: o Humility †¢ International Operations: o More modest than Fed Ex and UPS. Used commercial airlines and local partners to complete shipments †¢ RPS Relationship o RPS targeted the ground transport needs of large-volume business customers, whittling at UPS customer base. Offer ed low prices, superior info and tracking capabilities. Tried to intro air operations, but folded after large losses. o Companies’ physical distribution systems remained separate. Cooperation in marketing process and sharing of shipment info. However, hinted at a closer alliance. Airborne’s Future: †¢ Postal Service had performed well during UPS strike and success seemed to reawaken its ambitions. Planned major advertising blitz to promote express services. Petitioning government to grant volume discounts. †¢ UPS was expected to make play to recoup volume. †¢ UPS strike had shaken customers loyalty to a single company for shipping needs. ————————————————- Case Analysis  of Airborne Express 1. How and why has the structure of the express mail industry evolved in recent years? How have the changes affected small competitors? How has the rivalry between FedEx and UPS impacted them and the rest of the industry? Business and individuals spent $16-17 billion on express mail within the US in 1996. Shipment volumes had risen 15-20% per year for a decade. Services had proliferated by delivery time. Service is not limited to physical delivery. It also includes warehouseing services and logistics consulting services. Express Mail Industry: 1. 16-17 billion on expedited shipments in US in 1996. 2. Shipment volumes had risen 15-20% per year for a decade. 3. Services had proliferated by delivery time. 4. Service is not limited to physical delivery. It also includes tracking services, warehouseing services, logistics consulting services and expedited customs clearance for international shipments. . Shipping companies competed on the basis of time-to-market, eg. Increased volume shipped by and to each customer. 6. Customers’ concern when choose a shipping service includes price, reliability, brand name, access to tracking, customer service, convenience of drop-off, and sheer habit. 7. Shipping companies owns vans, drivers, and aircrafts. They have hub airports. They employ the a dvanced logistic technology. 8. FedEx, UPS and Airborne were the Big Three in the industry, together served more than 85% of the market. 9. Invested in global distribution system. 10. Originally set one price for every customer, evolved into distance pricing (ie. Lower prices for shorter distance deliveries) Different company target different markets. To survive, small company must find their differentiation in the industry (ie. DHL specialized in international shipping; RPS specialized in ground transport 2 day deliveries). FedEx: overnight delivery; cutting-edge information and logistic technology; Hubs; customer self help; aggressive marketing strategy; no layoff policy; great customer services; employee’s wide latitude of decision making; incentive pay; employ both part time and full time; international expansion. UPS: ground services; largest delivery company in the world; followed FedEx to purchase their own aircraft; started to advertising; stock owned by managers and not for public trade; employ both part time and full time; international operation. â€Å"Parcel Wars† – Fedex and UPS copied and tried to beat each other in pricing, products and services. When one lowered prices, the other followed and created some other promotion to outdo the offer. As a result, small companies need to find their specialty in the market. They will also have employ advanced technology and logistic system and provide great/special customer services. . How has Airborne survived, and recently prospered, in this industry? Airborne targeted the business customer that regularly shipped a large volume of urgent items, primarily to other business locations (mainly 50 metroplitans). They were known for their low prices. They cut cost in many ways: having their own airport; leasing warehouse space to cus tomers; hiring part-time employee; purchasing used aircrafts; load more per flight than rivals; no retail service center; using independent contractors; a little bit late delivery time; no advertising; picking the technology after FedEx and UPS tested. They provided flexible, solution oriented service to customers. 3. Quantify Airborne’s sources of advantage. †¢ Part-time salary is 7/hour, compared to FedEx’s 8/hour. †¢ Run aircraft 80% full, compared to typically 65-70%. †¢ 80-85% of the volume was shipped to 50 metropolitan, compared to FedEx’s 60% †¢ 30% of the volume was not shipped by airplanes, compared to FedEx’s 15%. †¢ The cost of a running a truck is 1/3 of the cost of owning and operating a similar amount of aircraft capacity. Use of independent contractors accounted for 60-65% of volume – using contractors cost them 10% less than doing work themselves. †¢ No advertising cost. †¢ Drivers picked up more parcels than Fedex resulting in lower labor costs per unit by 20% for pickup and 10% for delivery. †¢ Besides, owning their own airport would a big advantage in control and operating cost. 4. What must Robert Brazier, Airborne’s President and COO, do in order to strengthen the company’s position? Provider recommendations that will strengthen Airborne’s position in this industry. Evidently, Airborne needs to employee advanced technology and explore the global business. Robert Brazier needs to make sure that Airborne will still hold their advantages in the global business. 5. In retrospect, we know that Airborne’s position was not sustainable and the company was acquired by DHL. What were early clues about the lack of Airborne’s sustainability? Will the DHL/Airborne combination be an effective competitior against FedEx and UPS? One early clue – less efficient that Fedex/UPS in on-time deliveries. Should have invested more in technology. Lack of global vision/awareness. Inability to adapt to market – 80% of volume delivered to major metropolitan areas, not servicing ALL customers. Did not take full advantage of opportunity with RPS deal – kept arms length deal. Should have leveraged relationship to increase technology and cust base to gain market share. The DHL/Airborne combination could be an effective competitor again FedEx and UPS, although they have their own specialty and targeting markets. DHL does well in the international market, but its domestic business is not strong. Airborne and DHL could be a strong plus to each other. How to cite Airborne: United States Postal Service and Express Mail, Essay examples

Themes Of Macbeth Essays - Characters In Macbeth,

Themes Of Macbeth Themes of Macbeth One of the themes in The Tragedy of Macbeth is that of blood. Macbeth is known for his skills as a warrior and his mercilessness that is shown in his killing of MacDonwald, this warrior mentality spreads though into his life and Macbeth begins to make killing a habit. When he is told in a prophecy that he shall be king, Macbeth takes it upon himself to murder, Duncan, king of Scotland, after this murder though he has visions of blood on his hands, blood nothing could remove. As Macbeth becomes more and more ambitious, he also begins to kill more people to get what he wants, more power. The theme of blood is shown throughout the play and it is a problem that Macbeth finds harder and harder to rid himself of after each killing. At the beginning of the play Macbeth is an esteemed member of the army, probably the greatest fighter in all of Scotland. A rebellious tribe led by MacDonwald was defeating the Scots, until Macbeth ?single-handedly? defeated the rebels and ?unseamed him (MacDonwald) from the nave to th' chops? (Shakespeare 279). This battle gave Macbeth great respect among his peers and even the king himself. Macbeth's savagery at this point in the play was less than at any other time. His barbarity is restricted to the battlefield, but in this the first scene you get a forewarning of Macbeth's future, that of bloodshed and violence. On his way home from the war, 3 witches give him predictions of his future. ?All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Glamis! All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor! All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter? (Shakespeare 290)! Macbeth was already Thane of Glamis, but he wondered why they would say that he would be Thane of Cawdor and even KING. Macbeth dismissed this as tomfoolery and impossible. But, later Macbeth was told by the king that because of his valiant fighting against MacDonwald that he was given the title of Thane of Cawdor. This made Macbeth think of the prophecy and his chance to be king! The desire for power began to consume Macbeth and his wife, and this ambition caused all of the bloody events that were to follow. Macbeth's tragic flaw, ambition, grew enormously when he heard of his designation as Thane of Cawdor. He wanted the kingship that Duncan held much more, as did his wife, Lady Macbeth. They plotted to hurry Macbeth's reign by killing Duncan themselves. Throughout the play his ambition is a precursor for someone's death. While King Duncan sleeps, Lady Macbeth prepares for her husband to kill the king. Macbeth brutally stabs the king twice, killing him. After the murder, Macbeth is clearly broken, hardly believing what his ambition caused him to do. He says, ?What hands are here? Ha! They pluck out mine eyes! Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No; this mine hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine making the green one red? (Shakespeare 320). Macbeth is troubled by knocking and says that nothing can wash his hands clean, and the blood will make the seas red. Lady Macbeth feels bad to have red hands but to be innocent of the crime itself. She tel ls him to wash his hands and retire and put on his nightgown so that they will not be suspicious to the watchers. Macbeth wishes he did not know what he had done. The blood on his hands shows that his hands are ?stained with guilt?, that nothing could be done to change what he did. His guilty conscience is represented by the fact that he will always see his blood covered hands. But instead of this act restraining Macbeth and keeping him from killing again, it causes his ambition to grow and the murders to grow. In the morning when it is found that Duncan was dead, and the evidence Macbeth left shows that the chamberlains killed him. In a false sense of fury Macbeth butchers the chamberlains saying that he did so because in his great love for the king, he felt the need to kill his murderers. The

Act III, scene iii of Shakespeares Othello

Act III, scene iii of Shakespeares Othello In this piece of course work I was told to look in depth at scene III of the play 'Othello'. I will begin by telling you the outline of the scene, then a closer look in to the scene.Desdemona decides that she wants to advocate for Cassio. She tells Emilia so, and that she believes Cassio is a good person, and has been wronged in this case; she pledges to do everything she can to persuade her husband to take Cassio back. Cassio speaks with her briefly, but leaves just as Othello enters because he does not wish for a confrontation. Iago seizes on this opportunity to play on Othello's insecurities, and make Cassio's exit seem guilty and incriminating. Othello then speaks to Desdemona, and Desdemona expresses her concern for Cassio; she is persistent in his suit, which Othello is not too pleased about. Othello says he will humour her, and the subject is dropped for a while.Illustration of Othello and IagoIago then plays on Othello's insecurities about Desdemona, and gets Othello to belie ve, through insinuation, that there is something going on between Desdemona and Cassio. Othello seizes on this, and then Iago works at building up his suspicions. Soon, Othello begins to doubt his wife, as Iago lets his insinuations gain the force of an accusation against her. Othello begins to voice his insecurities when it comes to Desdemona, and himself as well. Desdemona enters, and they have a brief conversation; Othello admits that he is troubled, though he will not state the cause.Desdemona drops the handkerchief that Othello gave her on their honeymoon; Emilia knew that her husband had wanted it for something, so she doesn't feel too guilty about taking it. Emilia gives it to Iago, who decides to use the...

How to Build Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills in College

How to Build Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills in College College is an excellent setting for students to hone their communication skills. Becoming a responsible communicator is a coveted skill with high value to prospective employers. It’s also a sign of maturity, humanity and leadership. Whether practice a sport or belong to any groups or clubs, your ability to communicate effectively is key to your success and depending on the role you hold, the success of the group. It can also help you make and keep friends and ensure a , not to mention help you develop positive relationships with your professors. Here are some ways to practice effective communication while in college: Learn to Listen One of the most underrated and yet most important communication skills is listening. Instructions The ability to listen to and recall information comes in very handy when someone is giving you instructions. Always keep in mind: what is the goal of this exercise? If the goal is to demonstrate teamwork in a sporting exercise, then the focus will be different than if the goal were to merely demonstrate physical ability. Make sure you pay attention to both the small details and the big picture. Empathizing If someone comes to you to vent their frustration about something, try to remain empathetic but neutral. Don’t stoke the flames of their frustration nor ask them to calm down. Rather just try to listen to their perspective and put yourself in their shoes. The ability to be a good listener is also usually a sign of good leadership. Feedback When a teacher, coach or other student is giving you corrective feedback, try to understand their point of view and don’t ever take anything personally. Be flexible in your thinking so you can be open to new ideas and perspectives. Accepting the fact that you’re not always right about everything will make it easier for you to work with people and will also enhance your learning skills. Standing Your Ground However, sometimes there are situations where you’ll have to stick up for yourself. If you were given an unfair grade or were unduly punished or were accused of something you didn’t do by a friend or classmate, then it’s important you voice your opinion. In these cases, you want to avoid either of these conflict types: The fighter Having an emotional reaction, demonstrating anger or offense will only aggravate the situation. The avoider However, running away from conflict and letting the injustice slide will not serve you in this situation or in the future. Try this: Diplomacy Instead, try to arrange a meeting in a neutral setting and come prepared with valid points on why the person was mistaken. Use neutral language and be diplomatic. Don’t raise your voice or display anger, but do sit up tall, look the person in the eye and speak with confidence. Learning How to Give Feedback If you’re in a leadership role such as the captain of a team or the editor of the school newspaper, you’ll have to learn how to give feedback: Don’t give immediate feedback if it’s negative If an incident just happened, it’s best to wait a while before approaching the person about it. If you give immediate feedback, it can come across as irritation or anger. When the situation cools down, then you can approach them. Be specific Don’t say things like â€Å"You didn’t do a good job.† That’s too general and not helpful. Instead, let them know specifically where they failed: â€Å"The formatting for this month’s newspaper was off and had to be corrected at the last minute at the printer’s.† Give helpful suggestions and guidance Using the example above, you could suggest the following: â€Å"Let’s go over the formatting together this month in order to make sure everything’s okay before going to print.† Learning how to express thoughts and opinions, how to de-escalate conflict, how to empathize and offer feedback and guidance to others are all skills that can be practiced in college and which will serve you in professional and personal relationships afterwards.

Autobiographical essay------Describe your past experiences and future Essay

Autobiographical ------Describe your past experiences and future plans, showing how the degree ( computer information syste - Essay Example I started as a database operator and gradually rose to be senior database administrator. I have worked for IBM, GM, Star Alliance (Sheraton Group). I also have the appropriate experience in sql server, Oracle, db2, sysbase, people’s soft and SAP. While pursing my bachelor’s degree, I gained expertise in almost all the important programming languages like C, C++, Java and Assembly Language. I possess over 9 years of Oracle Production DBA and MS SQL Server 2000, 2005 experience with Oracle 10g, 9i, 8i and UNIX/Red Hat Linux/Fedore/ Sun Solaris/AIX and Microsoft 2000 and 2003. I acquired over 2 years experience as an Oracle Application Server, Forms, Reports, and Data Warehouse. I hold an excellent DBA expertise with Production Database and Data Warehouse Administration. I am also proficient in Administration, Productivity and Modeling Tools. I am quite proficient at programming and Production Database Daily Administration. I do have the expertise in High Availability Tech nologies like Oracle 9i RAC, Oracle 10g RAC, Data Guard/Standby Database, Database Replication/Clone including the expertise in Database Health Maintenance. . Not to say, my panache for gaining technical proficiency was always equally matched by my drive to sharpen my soft skills.

Is there a public sphere online Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Is there a public sphere online - Essay Example ntensive discussion about the role of the Internet in Habermas’ schema of the public sphere was launched in the early 1990s and continues up to now. The emergence and rapid development of the electronic mass media has seriously influenced the public sphere. Some of the changes that have occurred to the public sphere make many contemporary scholars question the applicability of this concept to the cyberspace. This study intends to identify the most critical limitations of the original Habermasian concept and point out the complexity and huge implications of the public sphere approach for the cyberspace. Habermas introduced the concept of the public sphere in his book, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere – An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society published in 1962. Through the book, Habermas provides a detailed historical and sociological account of what he called ‘the bourgeois public sphere’. The German term Ãâ€"ffentlichkeit (Public Sphere) the sociologist used in the original variant of his book encapsulates a wide range of different meanings, but in its essence the public sphere is a spatial concept that relates to the social sites or scenes where people create, distribute, and negotiate meanings which ultimately transform into public opinion. Habermas (1989) describes the public sphere as â€Å"†¦a network for communicating information and points of view†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p.15). However, Negt and Kluge (1993) better reflect the essence of this concept in the following definition: â€Å"The public sphere denotes specific institutions, agencies, practices; however, it is also a general social horizon of experience in which everything that is actually or seemingly relevant for all members of society is integrated. Understood in the sense, the public sphere is a matter for a handful of professionals (e.g., politicians, editors, union officials) on the one hand, but, on the other, it is something that concerns everyone and that realises itself only in

The EasyJet Business Model and its Market Survival

The EasyJet Business Model and its Market Survival 1.0 – Title 2.0 – Introduction 3.0 – Research 3.1 – Aims 3.2 – Objectives 4.0 – Literature review 4.1 Airline Industry 4.1.1 Deregulation of the Airline Industry in the US and in Europe: 4.1.2 Persian Gulf War and Recession 4.1.3 World Trade Centre Disaster 4.2 – Budget Airline Industry 4.3 – History of Easy Jet 4.4 – Globalization and Technology 4.5 – Marketing – Alliance 4.6 – No Frills 4.6.1 – Inputs 4.6.2 – Product Design 4.6.3 – Process Design 4.7 – Competition 4.8 – Business Model 4.8.1 – Internet 4.8.2 – Customer Purchase Experience 4.8.3 – World Wide Web (WWW) Strategy 4.8.4 The Philosophy 4.9 – Future 4.9.1 – Low passenger comfort 4.9.2 – Questionable security standards 4.9.3 – Uncertain tragedy, consequences and expansion in the future 5.0 – Methodology 5.1 – Secondary data 5.2 – Choice of research method 5.3 – Methodology 6.0 – Conclusions 7.0 – Bibliography Easy Jet and the Airline Industry The subsequent part of the paper is organised as follows. Section 3 discusses the aims, objectives and selection process of the research. Section 4 discuses the relevant literature that has been reviewed in the preparation of this paper. It will describe the airline industry and EasyJet’s strategy and business model. Section 5 outlines the methods adopted and the spirit of the methodology underlying the analysis of the findings. Section 6 constitutes the conclusion that is drawn from the research of this paper. Section 7 is the bibliography and references used in the writing of this paper. This paper makes a case for establishing a large – scale business organisation to exploit a promising business opportunity in terms of providing education/career counselling for Indian students seeking professional advancement through overseas undergraduate/post graduate education. The choice of the above thesis has been determined primarily out of my own experiences as an undergraduate student in the United States and later as a post – graduate in the United Kingdom. The principal motivation for the paper however transcends personal considerations and owes much to the emergence of social forces released by globalisation in developing countries such as India. 1.1 Globalization and Overseas Education The Indian economy has been, for most of the period, following the attainment of Independence in the late forties, structured on a Mixed Economy model[1] that accorded economic primacy to the state. The spirit of central planning dictated the allocation of resources in what was essentially a closed and autarkic economy that considered international trade to be of little relevance. All this changed in the early nineties on account of the realisation that the centrist model of development was becoming increasingly irrelevant and incapable of providing the economic growth necessary to sustain a standard of living that matched those of other countries in the world. The collapse of the Soviet Union[2] had much to do with this new awareness since central planning in India had been particularly influenced by the Soviet model. In particular the Second Five Year Plan (1956 – 1961)[3] which placed heavy emphasis on state owned heavy industries and which played such a large part in shaping the Indian economy for nearly forty years was structured by the economist P.C. Mahalonobis who believed that the Soviet model contained the most promise to help India secure rapid economic growth. However, even after four decades of development based on central planning, India had not made much progress, except for achieving what came to be called the â€Å"Hindu rate of gro 3.1 – Aims The aims of the research are to identify the airline industry and the EasyJet Business model and how does it survive in the market. 3.2 – Objectives The objectives of the research is to analyze the case study and answer the proposed research question by analyzing the airline market, EasyJet’s business model, the future of the low cost carriers and the changing trends in the airline industry that could affect the business of these no frill airlines. 4.1 Airline Industry The beginning of the aviation industry was by Wright brothers who launched their first successful flight in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Airline was not used as an option in early years because of fear of travel but today it is used as a fastest mode of transportation. Since the 1980 RKP (Revenue Passenger Kilometers) was the way the growth of the airline industry is measured. This RKP is larger than the real world growth GDP. As we refer to the case in Exhibit 1 we can see the growth of the airline industry has faced many ups and downs since the 1980’s. This changing trend in the airline industry has been because of a variety of reasons such as uncontrollable environmental factors, terrorism, globalization, technology, etc. The airline companies in the earlier years worked on a very huge profit or loss margin. If the number of passengers increases it brings in enormous profit to the airline and in the opposite case can bring huge losses. The airline industry also works on an extremely high fixed cost and therefore as the demand in the airline decreases the company faces huge losses. Also it should be taken into consideration that it takes 1 – 2 years to build a plane and therefore increasing capacity immediately because of higher dem and can be taxing for the company. The airline industry came into much use only during the 90’s because the cost of production went down and therefore was more affordable by customers although yet expensive. Then there was no looking back for the airline industry as it was a multi billion market and therefore competition increased drastically. Because of globalisation and other factors the demand for business and tourist travel increased at a more than double rate. The increase standard of living and changing trend of visiting places around the world also increased this need. Increase in the travel was also caused because of competition of other private airlines besides the government airlines forcing competition and there after reducing prices even further. The uncontrollable factors effect the airline industry directly or in directly. Some of the factors because of which the airline industry suffered are: 4.1.1 Deregulation of the Airline Industry in the US and in Europe: In many countries in the earlier years the government would control certain strategic sectors and airline industry was one of them. The airline industry was deregulated in the 1978 in the USA and about 15 years later in Europe. This deregulation bought privatization and therefore there was tremendous increase in competition. In no time it changed from an oligopolistic industry to a perfect competition. Europe was earlier run by the government whereby they controlled the entire system like where the airlines would fly, changes in price and the time they would fly. But after the European economy deregulated the airline industry competition increased even in Europe. The deregulation of the EU in 1992 and very minimal trade barriers as per the WTO has increased travel worldwide. This has also given the different airlines an opportunity to expand their network and apply better marketing to survive in this perfect competition. One of the things that have changed the way airline industry is operating in 2000 is the introduction of the â€Å"no frills low cost† carriers. After deregulation as competition increased more than 75% of the companies left the market as they could not cope up with the high market share. When the deregulation took place in the USA a new airline called SouthWest airline was introduced that cut its prices by 70% therefore being ahead of the competition and capturing more and more market share. In Europe following the SouthWest model Ryanair and EasyJet came into existence. Even besides deregulation the government yet controlled the time slots, landing rights and other privileges awarded by them. Government was also responsible in supporting the airline industry by building new infrastructure. Therefore even though deregulation took place there was a big political and governmental influence on the industry. 4.1.2 Persian Gulf War and Recession The airline industry even though deregulated had suffered losses until it recovered in the 1988, but it was followed by recession in 1989 and the gulf war in 1990 / 1991. The gulf war and the recession which was elongated for four long years hit the industry with a loss of US $22 million. Besides the industry being affected badly there was also decrease in the amount of customers flying as they were scared. Also the high oil prices during the Gulf War increased the fixed cost of the airline which in turn increased prices drastically. Airlines became profitable only after 1995 as many cost reductions had taken place to satisfy customer needs. 4.1.3 World Trade Centre Disaster As we can see in Exhibit II of the case study we can see that the airline industry was profitable from 1995 up till 2000 and then faced a deep dip in profits when the September 11th disaster took place. After effects of the September 11th made a few airline companies file bankruptcy as they suffered huge looses because of the high cost of production. The September 11th disaster increased security as they hired more personnel and security applications, increase in the waiting time for passengers and also made air transport very less attractive. Therefore airlines had to develop a cycle of trust for their customers as they were adopting alternative methods of conducting business like video conferencing and shared corporate jet. The substitution of flying increased business in video conferencing by 30% and also it lost 10% of its business and first class customers. SARS and Iraq war decreased earnings even further. All these above external factors directly or in directly affected the ai rline industry that changed the way business was operated in the 21st century. The introduction of the budget airline industry is explained below: 4.2 – Budget Airline Industry A Budget Airline is a low cost airline which does not issue tickets, no connections, quick checking, only one class of tickets and sell directly to the customer. Budget airline industry was introduced in 1971 by Rollin King and Herb Kelleher named SouthWest airline which followed the ticket less and no frill strategy. Many years later another airline was introduced following the SouthWest model called RyanAir. It also focused on no frill model and focused on functionality. Just a little later Easy Jet was introduced which was a no frill, and web based booking airline reducing cost drastically. Airlines like British Airways, Air France, Delta etc., earlier would charge a full price if a customer booked ticket in advance and then sold it for a cheaper price as the date comes closer. But airlines like Easy Jet applied a completely different pricing model that is cheaper tickets sold in advance and price increases as the date gets closer. Therefore this pricing model was later applied by many carriers for better profits. 4.3 – History of Easy Jet The easy jet was introduced by the son of the Greek shipping magnate, Stelios Haji-Ioannou who based it on the SouthWest Model that was introduced in the USA in 1995. The easy jet concept is based their pricing model that reduces the air fare for passengers in short haul flights so that they can fly frequently. The traditional model was that the airlines were sceptical with lowering prices as it would affect the revenue but easy jet has completely proven them wrong as it is increasing its market share at a fast pace since its existence. Easy jet today has more than 75 routes in 36 European airports. The seats are sole by telephone reservation or online eliminating the middle men that are the travel agents. After one year of its launch it designed a website that became a very important part of the business. Easy jet is a member of the UK airline group that consist of seven other companies and easy jet is responsible to run the traffic control. Easy jet has invested millions of dollars to develop safe and reliable air traffic to increase and maintain capacity on air and ground for long term future growth. In 2001 easy jet did a fantastic job by selling 75% of its seats online and therefore has been regarded as Europe’s second largest airline in UK. This arose the need for expansion and therefore it acquired British Airway’s subsidy Go. This acquisition made it the biggest low cost travel company in the world even ahead of its rival Ryan air. The airline also signed a deal in 2002 to purchase 120 Airbus to achieve its goal for growth. EasyJet also followed the model of single fleet aircraft which makes it easier for maintenance, operating cost and training. But after its acquisition with Go the company faced a lot of additional administrative cost making it difficult for them to lower the prices. 4.4 – Globalization and Technology According to Cogburn (www.unesco.org) â€Å"globalization is about the monumental structural changes occurring in the process of production and distribution in the global economy†. According to him â€Å"global companies can break apart business functions and spread them across the globe†. As a result of these processes â€Å"developing countries are facing tidal wave of changes, opportunity and challenges†. Globalization has made the world a smaller place to live. It has also increased competition worldwide and therefore customers want the best quality at a cheaper rate. Because of globalization and customer demand the airline industry has also changed the way it operates with â€Å"no frills† strategy. â€Å"The internet will change how people live, play and learn. The industrial revolution brought together people with machines in factories, and the internet revolution will bring together people with knowledge and information in virtual companiesit will promote globalisation at an incredible pace. But instead of happening over 100 years like the industrial revolution, it will happen over seven years†. [Micklethwait John and Wooldridge Adrian (2000), p 36] Companies also adopt to different global strategies like mergers and acquisitions instead of forming a completely new company. This helps the company to increase its customer base but it is also very important for the two companies to integrate themselves so that the core business and strategy is not destroyed. As in the case of EasyJet, it only operated one kind of aircraft for lower overhead and maintenance cost. But when it acquired GO it had different kinds of aircrafts that therefore it was very difficult to keep the price lower. Therefore it is important to follow different global strategies but extensive research needs to be done by forecasting the after affects. 4.5 – Marketing – Alliance The airline industry has developed from its nascent days when the Wright brothers invented the first airplane. Today it is a large and complex industry spanning the entire globe. Major considerations in the industry today are the global capacity surplus and yield management to boost profits and achieve break even points. The paper suggests that European airline industry follows four major business models, rather the business is divided into four categories of players – 1) National Flag Carriers, 2) No Frills Airlines, 3) Regional / Niche players and 4) Charter airlines The National Flag Carriers are the major world airlines that cover a wide range of destinations and distances from long haul intercontinental flights to short distances. Distinct features of the major carriers are high service standards, common quality, frequent flyer programs and code-sharing. During the 80’s the major airlines of the world followed a â€Å"hub and spoke† formula to expand services – whereby they would operate from a single airport as its hub and fly to multiple destinations. British Airways was the 1st to develop the London Heathrow airport as its hub. The benefits of the hub and spoke model can be seen from the significant tie-ups and partnerships major airlines have formed. This has given the flyers a large selection of flights and connections to virtually every corner of the world. It has also resulted in better yield managements so that airlines can operate higher load factors. The paper states that airlines currently need 70% load factor for their Jumbo aircraft flying long distances and new aircraft to be launched will reduce that to 58% making airlines more profitable. A study done on the revenue generated by the major world airlines indicate a large portion coming from business travellers. After the global economic downturn in 2001, the airlines have seen double digit drop in business travel which has resulted in significant loss of revenue and profitability. The shift has been primarily due to the availability of cheaper alternatives and cost cuts in industries across the globe. As a result the market capitalization of the national carriers has fallen between 36% and 56% over a span of 2 years from 2001 to 2003. 4.6 – No Frills The No frills model is different from the traditional method of operation. The no frill airlines work on a minimum standard of service, low prices and short flights. The key to their core business is the low cost pricing strategy. Pricing is mainly controlled in the three areas that is: 4.6.1 – Inputs Low cost in inputs is achieved by low cost of labour, similar airplanes for lower maintenance and operation, reduction in airport fees as it would not fly at the big airports, lower wages and better utilization of staff for example two shifts instead for three, and usually take older flights that have a lower investment. 4.6.2 – Product Design The product design is point to point arrangement with use of secondary airports. This saves cost and helps improve on time performance as the secondary airports are cheaper and less crowded as compared to the busy ones. Point to point arrangements also reduces connection passengers. All seats in a no frill airline are coach and has lesser space. They also do not have any lounges, catering and no bag transfers between flights. This helps them to save cost and improve their performance. 4.6.3 – Process Design The process design offers simplified boarding, disembarking and aircraft service. This helps the airline to save turn around time and therefore can make multiple trips. There are no agents and booking is usually done over the internet which reduces the sales cost and therefore can provide the customer with additional discounts. Therefore as we can see that the inputs, product design and process design reduces the cost by 59% as show in exhibit VI. The table divided the three by reasons of cost reduction by different percentage and it can be seen that each contribute to lower cost for the company drastically. 4.7 – Competition As we know that the no frills strategy has changed the way business is operating in the airline industry. Therefore many major players are fighting to be profitable. Every player is changing its strategy and experimenting in the new market. Lufthansa has reduced capacity and increased its pricing by 4.5%. This is a new strategy adopted by them as they are reducing the amount of aircraft that is operating. They are also cutting wages for workers as well as the remuneration. However other airlines like BA and KLM started new subsidy to compete with the no frill carriers like EasyJet and Ryanair. Both BA and KLM required high investment when their core business was suffering and both of them sold of their operations finally to concentrate on their core business and strategies. Lufthansa who were reluctant to start their own low cost carrier finally invested into Eurowings. They also started a number of flights to Germany called the Germanwings. It was noticed that these major players were investing in many low cost routes by increasing their capacity to capture more market share. They also wanted to keep prices lower to take away the market share from other modes of transportation. British Airways and Lufthansa worked on a strategy that provided lower cost than any of its other competitors and these tickets purchased did not need to be booked in advance and was not a restricted ticket. They followed this strategy as it would have been very useful to the customer and in turn would be profitable to them. 4.8 – Business Model Easy Jet’s business model is related to its pricing. It has a built in advantage as it reduces the overhead and administrative cost as it uses an eccentric approach. Easy jet makes every effort to lower all unnecessary costs as they do not deal with travel agents. Customer have to order their ticket either online or over the telephone where additional discounts are given to satisfy customers. The easy jet success is linked to the internet model used by the company to sell tickets. This is a very cost effective and reliable model as globalization and technology comes into existence. 4.8.1 – Internet Easy jet’s ticket sales are mainly through the internet. Almost 75% of its sales is through the online website. Earlier customers were a little sceptical to use credit cards and make payment online but in today’s high tech world it has boosted the sales of the company drastically. The customer places the order over the internet which gives them a wide variety of choices and dates and fares available on each flight. The fares offered by Easy jet are lower than the competition and therefore preferred by the customer. Usually majority of the airlines work on a return trip basis, but Easy jet follows a one way strategy giving customers the choice of flying one way, round trip or multi leg trip giving them the best and cheapest options available as per date and time that is preferred by the customer. Flights that are booked through the web are priced much lower than the telephone giving the customer as advantage by the airline reducing its over head cost. 4.8.2 – Customer Purchase Experience The website of the company is designed as a process that allows the passenger to exit at any time if he changes his mind. The website does not need the passenger to insert details every time he or she needs to view the time and date for a particular flight. The website also has a login system whereby it stores the name, address and all other related personal details so that the customer does not have to take the trouble to re-enter information every time he or she wants to purchase a ticket. Therefore it registers user names and password so that the entire process if fast and not time consuming. As we know a lot of airline companies as you to fill personal details before they give you the price, date, and time of a particular flight. This can get the customer really frustrated as sometimes they only want to check the price to compare it to what the other airlines offer. This ease of use facilities of the website offered to the customer and the low prices available as compared to any other competitor makes it a memorable experience for the customer who wants to return back to easy jet at any other time he or she wants to make a purchase. This website and pricing model has developed a positive brand image for the company by which it retains customer loyalty and increases its customer base. 4.8.3 – World Wide Web (WWW) Strategy The web strategy applied by easy jet has been so successful that more than 75% of their sales are through the internet. Therefore the company is trying to phase out of the telephone reservation to reduce cost even further and will be one of the only airline that would sell airline tickets only through the internet. Their marketing strategy to phase out of this telephone reservations has started by not listing its telephone number on any marketing and advertising material but just noting its website for further business. Their main reason to phase out of this is because this web approach has been very successful so far and therefore they are confident that it will do well in the future as technology advances and the use of computer is increased and known to all. 4.8.4 The Philosophy Easy jet has been constantly doing new things to develop and increase business. it follows the differentiation and first in the market strategy to build its customer base. It has completely changed the operation of the airline industry as many people are aware and buy from easy jet because of the low price of the ticket as well as easy availability for one way, multi leg and round trip tickets. Besides cost cutting and efficiency provided they believe in satisfying their customers a 100% as the word of mouth strategy has been proved successful in any business. Therefore these low cost methods of advertising and marketing have made it possible for them to sell tickets at a lower cost compared to all other airlines available in the market. The business model used by easy jet has allowed it to achieve growth in the mature airline industry by applying differentiation strategy in this highly competitive world. It has put a positive perception in the mind of the customer and operating very efficiently and economically as it depends more on the functionality of the airline rather than the frills offered to the customers. The strategy used by easy jet is bold and modern and can be risky for them as they decided to make sales only through the internet. The company applies sound principles while exploring the market by doing extensive research and therefore is ready to take a few risks as it believes that changes in the company is required for future profits and growth. 4.9 – Future The future of the no frills low cost carrier’s looks bright as more and more customers are wanting to spend less on travel as they have many options available. As we know that no business model today is perfect so therefore there are a few flaws to this model also as the low comfort of passengers to travel in an aircraft with food and enough leg space, security provided by these aircrafts is questionable and also the uncertainties and external factors of the future can effect the airline industry as it has done over the past. 4.9.1 – Low passenger comfort The model applied by low cost carriers is very simple as it follows a no frill strategy. But it is questionable that this model may be too simple for travellers who want to keep their status and also business people whose travelling expense is paid by the company expense. Therefore they would not mind paying a premium price for their comfort and status. Also majority of these low cost carriers may cancel or reschedule a flight without prior notice and a business traveller going for some important work would not be able to afford missing and important meeting or order. Also it has to be taken into consideration that low cost carriers like EasyJet fly to secondary airports as they cannot afford the busy airports. Therefore this may not be acceptable to everyone as the secondary airport may be a little far away from the city and therefore other modes of transportation will need to be taken for them to reach their destination. Low cost carriers also work on the policy of no cancellation or advanced booking cheaper price but this may not be useful in times of emergency when the customer would end up paying the same price for a normal fare ticket by a major airline and a low cost airline. Therefore the future will determine the changing trend in the airline industr